Furnace for steam boilees



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

FURNACE P08818111 BOILERS,&O- No. 288,418.. 1 Patented Nov. 13. 1883.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. 0. FORD.

FURNACE FOR STEAM-BOILERS, 8m. 7 No. 288,418. Patented Nov. 13, 1883.

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. YWILLIAM 0. FORD, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FURNACE FOR STEAM=BOILERS, 8w.

: SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,418, dated November 13, 1883,

Application filed February 23, 1888. (No model.)

' i of New York, have invented an Improvement in Furnaces for.Steam-Boilers, 850., of which the following is a specification.

. In the consumption of coal in furnaces it is usual to depend uponthe draft created by the ascending gases and heated products of combustion in the chimney for drawing away from the fire the carbonic-acid and other gases developed in the fire. In many cases blowers have-beenemployed to supply the atmosphere; but the gases are not perfectly consumed and considerable heat and carbon are wasted, so that the amount of steam produced by the combustion of "coal is far below the proper proportion.

My invention has for its object, first, the dispensing'iwith a chimney, except as a means for delivering to the outside of the building gases that would otherwise be detrimental to health; second, the perfect union of the oxygen of the atmosphere with the carbon, so that no unconsumed carbon is allowed to escape; third, the retention of such products of coinbustion uudera pressure above that of the atmosphere, so that they will give off to the boiler or steam-generator their heat, and but little heat will be wasted; and, fourth, the heating of the atmosphere previous to its passing into the fire, and the diffusion of such atmosphere among the carbon and its gases in such a manner as to obtain a perfect combustion and union of the oxygen and carbon.

In the drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal section of the furnace and combustionchambers. Fig, 2 is a plan of the same; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the furnace, with a modification in the air-supply pipes.

.The fire-chamber is shown at A, the ashpit at B. The boiler or steam-generator that is to be heated is shown at 0. There is to be a fueldoor at E, and an ash-door at F. The walls of the furnace are to be either brickwork or iron plates, with intervening waterspaces, as in a locomotive-boiler, and the parts are to be of any size andshape suitable to the object to be attained.

The grate-bars h aretubular, and perforated with small holes at suitable distances apart, so

that the air issuing from the same will pass in small streams directly into the fuel upon the said grate-bars, and the bridge-wall k is also hollow.

, ends are preferably turned up, as shown.

It is preferably protected by fire-' brick at the side next to the fire, or at both There is a hanging bridge-wall, Z, that sits tightly against the under side of the steamgenerator 0, and there is a comparatively small exit-opening at D for the gases to escape,

and in this'exit D there is a damper.

The blower or air-forcing apparatus is 'connected with the pipe m,'and said pipe passes through the furnace, up behind the bridge wall at a, .thence along belowfthe generator or. boiler, upon or just above the floor of the com--' bustion-chamber, across ate, and returns by the side tube, 0, bend 0 and by the end tube, 0', into the range of tubular grate-bars h, a portion of the air escaping through the holes in such tubular grate-bars h, and the remainder going into the bridge-wall k, where such air is still further heated, and issues by the small perforations or jet nozzles i into the heated products of combustion in the chamber R. I also provide a further supply of hot air into this chamber by the small nozzles q, that are fed by pipes extending down into the hollow bridge'wall k. If desired, the top portion of the bridge-wall may also be perforated for hot air to pass out into the gases as they flow over said bridge-wall. The level of the floor or bottom of the chamber It is considerably above the grate-bars, and but little below the top of said bridge-wall,

. so that the products of combustion are confined near to the steam-generator G. I also make use of the air-tubes s, passing along the top portion of the furnace and opening at their inner ends above the bridge-wall. These tubes are to be supported in any suitable manner, such as an arch of fire-brick over the bridgewall. The air is supplied by a pipe, 8, to this range of air-tubes s, and it is preferable to connect said pipe s to the hot-air pipe 1', so

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that highly-heated air is passed through this range of pipes s; but cold air may be supplied into such pipes, if desired, so that they may not become too hot, and a protection of firebrick may also be used between the fire and such pipes s.

In starting the fire it is preferable to open the damper t in the chimney-flue, so as to give a free vent to the smoke and products of combustion, and as soon as the furnace becomes highly heated the chimney-damper should be about three-quarters closed. The air-blast is applied to the fire as soon as it is partially kindled, and promotes the rapid ignition of the fuel; and I remark that coal is to be added from time to time. The ash-door is always kept tightly closed, except when the fire is first kindled, until a good fire is obtained, or when the ashes are being removed, and the air is forced into the pipe m by any suitable blowing apparatus. It traverses the pipes m, n, o, 0, 0, and r, and becomes highly heated, so that when it issues in small streams from the perforated tubular grate-bars h it passes into the fuel and promotes combustion, and the gratebars are not Warped or bent, because they are exposed to a nearly uniform heat from the air passing through them. The air and gases. in the furnace and beneath the steam-generator are kept under sufficient pressure to insure a perfect combustion, and the atmosphere, blown in a heated condition through the hollow bridge-wall 7c and escaping by the jet-tubes 8 into the chamber R, is retained by the hanging bridge-wall I, so that the heat is almost all taken up by the steam-generator, and nothing but warm gases passes off by the escape-flue, said gases being nearly inodorous in consequence of the carbon being combined with the oxygen in the form of carbonic acid.

In some instances the air-pipe m may have a double bend within the furnace, as seen in Fig. 3, so that the air within it becomes more highly heated; and the inner ends of the tubular grate-bars It may be connected to the air pipes or tuyeres that take the place of the openingsz'fromthehollowbridge-wall. Thesepipes i are preferably at the fire side of the bridgewall, partially or entirely embedded in fire brick or clay, so as to become heated and increase the temperature of the atmosphere passing out at the contracted ends of such pipes or tuyeres, thus promoting a perfect combustion of the gases evolved from the fuel.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, with the air-tube m n o r, of the perforated hollow grate-bars, the hollow bridge-wall with openings, the chamber R, the hanging bridge-wall Z, and the tubes 8, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the perforated tubular grate-bars, of air-heating pipes leading to such grate-bars, a bridge-wall, a range of tubes above the fire-chamber, open at their innerends, and a pipe connected with the ends of such tubes for supplying air into the Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINOKNEY, \VILLIAM G. Mom. 

